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FR. ARCHANGEL OF PEMBROKE AND GROTIUS 321 and frequented that select circle which met at the home of Ma– dame Acarie. There he met Bérulle, and is was through his friendship with the Marquise de Maignelay that he was introduced to the Arnaulds 28 • Perhaps the main memory of Father Archangel centres round his work for Mere Angélique Arnauld and the nuns at Port– Royal. His letters to the young Abbess abound in good sense and geniality and his wise counsels to her span the truly golden age of Port-Royal. From Sainte-Beuve to our own day Father Archangel has been seen as preparing the young Abbess for her meeting with St. Francis de Sales whose counsels to the Abbess his own so resemble 29 • Years after her independent mind had gone beyond the prudent guidance of the friar, she was to recall his help with gratitude. In 1652 she said of hirn: « Un eles clirecteurs qui m'a plus aiclée qu'aucun eles premiers a été le P. Archange, Capucin, qui avait une charité extraorclinaire pour moi, clont je tachais ele ne lui etre point ingrate. C'était un homme cl'ex– cellent esprit, cl'une mine vénérable et majcsteuse, et digne ele la granclcur de sa naissance » 30 • Port-Royal was only one of a great number of religious houses reforrned in France during the first decades of the . seventeenth century. Father Archangel worked for the improvement of others notably at the Abbeys of Montivilliers and Saint-Paul-les-Beauvais. He was most successful in this work 31 • However, we rnust be content England prisoncr a very honest man ». This evidently refers to Benet of Canfield who returned about that time to France after his imprisonment in England (cf. OPTAT DE VEGHEL, op. cit., 162). Morcover, Benet is reportee! to havc been Guardian at Montfort in 1603 (cf. PHIL!PPE DE PAIUS, O.F.M.Cap., Chronologie historique, Bibl. Nationale, París, ms. Fonds fran9. 25044, f.188). Far further reports on Father Archangel see Public Record Offlce, S.P. 15/34/122; Calendar of State Papers, Domestic series of the reign of Queen Elizabeth (1598- 1601), London 1869, p.145. Cf. P. Gu1LD11Y, The English Catlwlic Refugees on the Continent, 1558-1795, London 1914, 16. 28 J. CALVET, l-Jistoire de la littérature fram;aise. V: La littérature religieuse de Fran– i;ois de Sales á Fénelon. París 1938, 92; L. CoGNET, la Réforme de Port-Royal, 1591-1618, Paris 1950, 126; ÜBALD o'ALEN<,0N, art. cit., 55; L.C. SHIJPPARD, Barbe Acarie, Wife and Mystic, Lon– don 1953, 65; J. DAGENS, Correspondance du Cardinal Pierre de Bérulle II, Paris-Louvain 1937, 197, 450-451; J. ÜRC!BAL, op, cit., 240 n.2. 2n C.A. SAINTE-BEUVE, Port-Royal I, París 1840, 192; C. GAZ!F.R, Histoire du monastere de Port-lfoyal, París 1929, 28; L. CoGNflT, op. cit., 128; H. WAACH, Angélique Arnauld, in Mystische Theo/ogi,,, Jahrbuch 1956, Klosterneuburg [1955], 71-76. Far lhe text of the letters of Father Archangel to Mere Angélique Arnauld sce ÜBALD n'ALENG0N, art. cit., 57-62, 249-265, 665-679. 30 L. CoGNET, op. cit., 127-128. For an account of Father Archangel's work at Port Royal sec especially L. CoGNET, op. cit., 125-191. Far his influence on Mere Agnes, the sister of Mere Angélique, see J. F1rnNCKEN, Agnes Arnauld, Nijmegcn-Utrecht 1932, 17-40; H. BREM0ND, llistoire littéraire du s~ntiment religieux en France IV, París 1920, 138-187, 241. 3l E. DuMONT - A. MARTIN, liistoire de la ville de Montivilliers II, Fécamp 1886, 88-89; L. DELADREUE, Histoire du manaste.re de S. Paul-les-Beauvais, in Mémoires de la Société acadé– mique d'archéologie, sciences et arts du département de l'Oise, t.VI , 1865, p.145-147. There, M. Deladreue states: « Le novicia! fut reconstitué sur de nouvelles bases, et d'apres les avis du